Genetic Testing 유전자 검사
Genetic Testing 유전자 검사
Tonight we begin a series about the promise of medical tests that allow you to peek into your future. Genetic testing can tell you what diseases you might get later in life. The results can be frightening, but can they motivate you? For the first time, doctors are trying to use these tests to get people to live healthier lives. With our series Vital Signs, here’s ABC’s Bill Wier.
promise : (밝은) 전망, 가망, 장래성, 촉망(hope), 유망 / signs that someone or something is likely to be successful in the future.
ex. His life was hopeful and full of promise.
peek : (…을) 몰래 들여다보다, 엿봄
ex. He peeked carefully from behind the door.
ex. peek (=peep) at/through/into/over: He peeked into the room.
genetic : 유전자의 ( * gene 유전자)
ex. genetic code : 유전자 암호 ex. genetic defect : 유전자 결함
ex. genetic screening : 유전자 검사, 유전학적 스크리닝 (개인의 유전적 질병의 발견과 예방을 위한 조사)
ex. a genetic aberration 유전자 변이
vital signs : 체온, 맥박, 호흡, 혈압을 의미 (환자의 상태를 판단하는 도구로 사용됨)
New mom Melissa Christensen runs marathons and eats her vegetables. But when this healthy 30 year-old opens this envelope, she’ll discover she’s a candidate for heart disease, diabetes and osteoporosis - warnings straight from her own DNA.
candidate : 지원자, 후보자, ~ 이 될 듯한 사람, (학위 취득) 희망자
ex. a candidate for the Ph. D.= a Ph. D. candidate 박사 과정을 공부하는 학생
ex. Those who are overweight or indulge in high-salt diets are candidates for hypertension.
diabetes : 당뇨병
*diabetic 당뇨병의, 당뇨병 환자의, 당뇨병 환자
osteoporosis : 골다공증 (osteo "뼈의" 라는 의미, porous "작은 구멍이 있는[많은], 다공성(多孔性)의" 의 의미) (adj. osteoporotic)
-- It doesn’t mean for sure that you’ll get any of these health conditions. There are, of course then, things that you can do to stay healthy, regardless of your genetic markers. (That’s good.)
Melissa’s one of the first few hundred Americans to see a personal, practical benefit from the human genome project. Since science can now map the DNA that makes you you, doctors can now pinpoint the genetic traits that might make you sick, if you’re not careful.
regardless of : ~에 상관없이
ex. regardless of age or sex 연령성별에 상관없이, 남녀노소의 구별없이
ex. I like you regardless of what you think of me. 당신이 날 어떻게 생각하든지 간에 난 당신이 좋아요.
marker : 표(시)를 하는 사람[것], 매직펜류, 표시가 되는 것, 점수 기록자[기]/ a marker for a particular quality or feature demonstrates the existence or presence of that quality or feature, 표지
ex. Vitamin C is a good marker for the presence of other vitamins and nutrients in frozen food.
ex. The blood test measures each man's PSA, a marker for prostate cancer.
* genetic marker: 유전자 표지 《유전적 해석에 지표가 되는 특정의 DNA 영역 또는 유전자》
genome : 염색체의 한 세트 / the complete set of genes in a living thing.
ex. the human genome
map : ~의 지도[천체도]를 만들다, (지도 작성을 위해) 측량하다
* map out : <토지 통로 등을 지도에> 정밀하게 표하다, ~ 의 계획을 세밀히 세우다/ If you map out something that you are intending to do, you work out in detail how you will do it.
ex. I went home and mapped out my strategy.
ex. This whole plan has been carefully mapped out.
pinpoint : 핀[바늘] 끝, 뾰족한 끝, 정밀 조준점, 정확한 목표 지점, ~의 위치를 정확히 나타내다, ~을 정확히 설명하다,〔표적〕을 정확히 겨누다, 정밀 조준 폭격하다
ex. Can you pinpoint the location on the map?
ex. We've been unable to pinpoint the source of the problem.
trait : 특성, 특색, 특징
ex. What personality trait are you attracted to the most? 어떤 성격 특징에 가장 끌리지요?
-- We could identify people who are at risk, early in their life, long before they become overweight, or um, or inactive and smoke cigarettes.
A simple blood test checks for different genetic flaws that often give rise to the eight diseases that kill and cost the most. Among them, skin, lung and colon cancer; high blood pressure and heart disease.
flaw : v. (보석 도자기 등의) 흠, 금, 결점, 약점, 결함, 금이 가게 하다, 흠가게 하다
ex. The flaw in the jewel is apparent to the naked eye. 이 보석의 흠은 육안으로도 분명히 보인다.
ex. Experts say the flawed gene triggers cancer.
* flawless 흠없는, 결함없는, 완벽한(perfect) ex. a flawless performance
give rise to ~: ~을 일으키다, 초래하다, ~을 발생시키다, ~의 근원이다
ex. give rise to public criticism;bring on public criticism 대중의 비난을 초래하다
colon: 결장
ex. colon cancer: 결장암, 대장암
-- I’m hoping that we’ll find that this information really hits home with people, so they feel more motivated.
The idea is to inspire healthy people to stay that way. So, right now they only test for preventable diseases. But, this is also an experiment to see just how much grim information a person wants.
hit/strike home : 적중하다, 급소를 찌르다, 아픈데를 찌르다/ if something you say hits or strikes home, people understand it and accept it
ex. Your comment really hit home with me. 네 그 말은 정말이지 내 아픈곳을 찔렀어.
* hit where it hurts, touch a sore spot, touch a nerve ending: 아픈데를 찌르다
inspire: 고무[격려]하다, 고취하다, 영감을 주다
ex. The teacher inspired us to work much harder. 선생님은 우리에게 더 열심히 공부하라고 격려해 주셨다
ex. inspire a thought into a person 에게 어떤 생각을 불어넣다
grim: 기분 나쁜 , 섬뜩한 , 불쾌한 , ( 사람·용모·태도 등이) 험상궂은 , 무서운 , 무시무시한 / 1. grim news, situations, or events are unpleasant and make you feel upset and worried 2. very serious and unfriendly
ex. The future looks pretty grim.
ex. His face was set in a grim ｅxpression. 그는 험악한 표정으로 굳어져있었다 .
ex. grim reality 냉혹한 현실
-- If they offer to test you for Alzheimer’s or leukemia or very grim, incurable diseases, would you want to know?
-- I don’t think I would, because it might just be scary. I’m a worrier.
Doctors are anxious to know what emotional barriers stand between patients and technology. But, for Melissa, this knowledge is power. And the generic advice to take your vitamins and exercise now has very new and very personal meaning. Bill Wier, ABC News, Detroit.
offer : 제공하다, 제의하다
* offer someone something: They haven't offered me the job yet.
* offer something to someone: He had offered cocaine to an undercover police officer.
* offer someone something for something: I offered Jim $5,000 for his car.
* offer to do something: I do think you should have offered to help.
leukemia: 백혈병.
anxious : 걱정하는, 근심하는, 열망하여, 몹시 ~하고 싶어하는
* be anxious about ~ : ~이 걱정스럽다 / ex. I'm anxious about his health. 그의 건강이 걱정스럽다.
* be anxious to ~ : ~하기를 열망하다 / ex. He is anxious to know the result. 그는 몹시 결과를 알고 싶어한다.
barrier: 1 방벽, 방책, 장벽
ex. tariff barriers 관세 장벽 / ex. a barrier to progress 진보를 가로막는 것
ex. The greatest barrier between them was the language barrier. 그들사이에 가장 큰 장벽은 언어의 장벽이었어.
* put a barrier between …의 사이를 갈라놓다
※ personal
* a personal history 경력, 이력
* personal abuse 인신 공격(= personal attack)
* personal reasons 개인적인 이유
ex. She quit her job for personal reasons. 개인 사유로 일을 그만두었다.
* personal problems 신상에 관한 문제 (=ones concerning your relationships or health): He's had a few personal problems recently.
* personal estate 동산 (=personal property ) (real estate 부동산)
* get personal : 감정적으로 되다(= become personal)/ to start being deliberately unkind or insulting
ex. Let's not get personal about this. 이 문제에 대해 감정적으로 치우치지 말자.
ex. It wasn't personal, so don't be offended. 개인적인 감정이 실린 건 아니니까 너무 신경쓰지마.